Educational, not a diagnosisAbdomenCTUltrasoundMRI

Renal cystAlso called: Kidney cyst

A renal cyst is a fluid-filled sac on or in the kidney. Simple kidney cysts are extremely common and almost always harmless.

What it is

Most kidney cysts are “simple” — thin-walled, water-filled, and benign. Radiologists sometimes grade cysts with the Bosniak system, where category I and II are considered benign.

How common is it?

Very common, and they become more frequent with age. Simple renal cysts are a routine incidental finding on abdominal imaging.

What's usually next

Simple cysts usually need no follow-up. Cysts with more complex features may be watched with repeat imaging or evaluated further, based on their Bosniak category.

When it usually isn't — and when it might be — worrying

Usually reassuring

  • Described as a “simple cyst” (Bosniak I or II)
  • Thin walls and clear fluid
  • Stable over time

Worth discussing with your doctor

  • A “complex” cyst with thick walls, septations, or solid parts
  • A higher Bosniak category (III or IV)
  • Growth compared with prior imaging

Questions to ask your doctor

  • 1Is this a simple cyst or a complex one?
  • 2What Bosniak category is it, if graded?
  • 3Does it need any follow-up imaging?
  • 4Could it be related to my symptoms?

Educational use only. This explanation helps you understand terminology on your report. It is not a diagnosis, is not FDA-cleared, and does not replace your doctor. Bring questions to your care team.

Have this on your own report?

Paste your full report and get a calm, plain-English breakdown of every finding — free for your first summary.

Explain my report

Related findings